MakerSpace Workshop Presentation / Resources

Content Outline:

Arduino: Basics / What is it? What are MicroComputers?
What can you do with Arduino? (LINK)
The Arduino Software Installation:
Arduino Architecture:
Input Devices
Output Devices
Decision Making

HANDS-ON WORKSHOP:

Getting Started: Plug in the RoboRED

Making things with Electronics and MicroComputers is different than Woodworking or Metalworking. There are a couple of little problems: Uh Oh!

Electricity is INVISIBLE !

AND, Software is INVISIBLE !

Not to worry! We will show you the ways to make these powerful tools Visible so you can use them.

Getting Started: Run "BLINK" (LINK)

How to use the IDE
Making changes / saving your version
Errors / IDE highlighting
Change the delay so that the LED blinks differently / Persistence of Vision
Arduino Structure: I/O and Decision-Making concepts

THINKING about Arduino: (Need to update graphic ??)

Electrical Symbols (LINK)

[Sensor Inputs | Software Decisions | Action Outputs]

Now, we'll hook up some real input and output devices:

Hands-On-Hardware:
- Breadboard (Details: LINK) (See Layout Photo: end of this page)
- Cables and Pins (Graphics plus hands-on)
  - Pin Strips: Hold&Twist...
- Connect 2-wire cable to Breadboard, add LED and resistor
- - Blink Variations
- Connect 2-wire cable to breadboard, add Pushbutton Switch

Now, get a New IDE window. We will start writing our own Software Sketches:

BlinkSwitch

void setup()
{
  // put your setup code here, to run once:
pinMode(13,OUTPUT);
pinMode(12,INPUT_PULLUP);

}

void loop()
{
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:
digitalWrite(13,digitalRead(12));
}

Input-DecisionMaking-Output

How to interact with Humans: The Serial Monitor

Optional: Serial Monitor Details and discussion (LINK)
 
  HelloWorld
 

void setup()
{
  // put your setup code here, to run once:
Serial.begin(115200);
Serial.println("Hello World!");
}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:
  Serial.println("Now I'm inside the Loop!");
  for (int count = 0; count < 1000; count++)
  {
    Serial.println(count);
    //delay(100);
  }


  delay(1000);
}

Digital VS Analog: What's THAT all about??

Voltage Divider Concept

AnalogInPOT

void setup()
{
  // put your setup code here, to run once:
Serial.begin(115200);
}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:
Serial.println(analogRead(0));
delay(250);

}

Sensing Hand Movement. Now: Sensing Light

Voltage Dividers
10 K resistor(s)
PhotoResistor

AnalogInOut2-LightSensor

void setup()
{
  // put your setup code here, to run once:
  Serial.begin(115200);
}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:
  Serial.println(analogRead(0));
  if (analogRead(0) < 800)
  {
    Serial.println("It's Getting Dark!");
  }
  analogWrite(11, analogRead(0) / 4);
  delay(250);
}

Sensing Temperature: The Thermistor

AnalogInOut3-TemperatureSensor

void setup()
{
  // put your setup code here, to run once:
  Serial.begin(115200);
}

void loop() {
  // put your main code here, to run repeatedly:
  Serial.println(analogRead(0));
  if (analogRead(0) > 550)
  {
    Serial.println("It's Getting HOT!");
  }
  analogWrite(11, analogRead(0) / 4);
  delay(250);
}

A look at Arduino Architecture again:

SIGNAL Inputs and Outputs:

Digital SIGNALS to/from devices
Pulse concepts

Its' Complicated Code. Use Libraries others have written.

The ServoMotor: (Signal Output)

Load File>Examples>Servo>Sweep
What's the #define ??
Libraries usually have "Examples"
NOTE: Some Laptops do not have enough 5V power to run Servo.
- Can upload sketch, then switch to battery or WallWart power

The Ultrasonic Sensor: (Signal Input)

A complex device
Understanding the Ultrasonic Distance Sensor and it's Science:(LINK)
Connect 4 pins: Vcc, Gnd, 7, 6
Plug in Ultrasonic Sensor

Sketch for Ultrasonic Sensor:

/* YourDuino SKETCH UltraSonic Serial 2.1
 Runs HC-04 and SRF-06 and other Ultrasonic Modules
 Modified to use pins 7 and 6: MakerSpaceWorkshops
 Open Serial Monitor to see results
 Reference: http://playground.arduino.cc/Code/NewPing
 Questions?  terry@yourduino.com */

/*-----( Import needed libraries )-----*/
#include <NewPing.h>
/*-----( Declare Constants and Pin Numbers )-----*/
#define  TRIGGER_PIN  7
#define  ECHO_PIN     6
#define MAX_DISTANCE 200 // Maximum distance we want to ping for (in centimeters).
                         //Maximum sensor distance is rated at 400-500cm.
/*-----( Declare objects )-----*/
NewPing sonar(TRIGGER_PIN, ECHO_PIN, MAX_DISTANCE); // NewPing setup of pins and maximum distance.
/*-----( Declare Variables )-----*/
int DistanceIn;
int DistanceCm;

void setup()   /****** SETUP: RUNS ONCE ******/
{
  Serial.begin(9600);
  Serial.println("UltraSonic Distance Measurement");
  Serial.println("YourDuino.com  terry@yourduino.com");
}//--(end setup )---


void loop()   /****** LOOP: RUNS CONSTANTLY ******/
{
  delay(100);// Wait 100ms between pings (about 10 pings/sec). 29ms should be the shortest delay between pings.
  DistanceIn = sonar.ping_in();
  Serial.print("Ping: ");
  Serial.print(DistanceIn); // Convert ping time to distance and print result 
                            // (0 = outside set distance range, no ping echo)
  Serial.print(" in     ");

  delay(100);// Wait 100ms between pings (about 10 pings/sec). 29ms should be the shortest delay between pings.
  DistanceCm = sonar.ping_cm();
  Serial.print("Ping: ");
  Serial.print(DistanceCm);
  Serial.println(" cm");

}//--(end main loop )---

/*-----( Declare User-written Functions )-----*/

// None
//*********( THE END )***********

More information about Ultrasonic Sensors:
How does the Ultrasonic Sensor Work?

The DS18B20 Temperature Sensor (To be added)

LINK

TEMP-PRESENTATION

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